La période de l’adolescence est propice pour introduire les notions de santé sexuelle et de contraception. Le médecin généraliste a une mission importante de prévention chez les adolescentes et adolescents en abordant les infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST), la contraception et la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain (HPV).
Privilégier efficacité et observance
Contraception orale
Contraceptions réversibles de longue durée d’action
Cadre légal
Bénéfices secondaires de la contraception
Saignements utérins abondants (SUA) et troubles du cycle
Dysménorrhées
Infections sexuellement transmissibles
Risques associés à la contraception hormonale
Effets indésirables bénins
Risque osseux associé à la contraception
Contraception chez l’adolescente en situations particulières
Patiente ayant un trouble du développement
Patiente en cours de traitement inducteur enzymatique
Choix d’une méthode adaptée à chaque particularité
Références
1. Le nombre des interruptions volontaires de grossesse augmente en 2022. Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (Drees). https://urls.fr/aGHfEW
2. Deffieux X, Rousset-Jablonski C, Gantois A, et al. Pelvic exam in gynecology and obstetrics: Guidelines for clinical practice. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2023;51(6):297‑330.
3. Haute Autorité de santé. Contraception chez la femme adulte et l’adolescente en âge de procréer (hors post-partum et post-IVG). https://urls.fr/mbRr7l
4. Gallo MF, Nanda K, Grimes DA, et al. 20 µg versus >20 µg estrogen combined oral contraceptives for contraception. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;2013(8):CD003989.
5. Committee on Adolescence. Contraception for adolescents. Pediatrics 2014;134(4):e1244-56.
6. Pienkowski C, Cartault A. Contraception for adolescent: CNGOF contraception guidelines. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2018;46(12):858-64.
7. Marmett B, Guaranha DDFK, Carvalho AF de, et al. Cost savings and effectiveness of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) on the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents: A systematic review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2024;37(1):11‑7.
8. O’Flynn O’Brien KL, Akers AY, Perriera LK, et al. Intrauterine device insertion procedure duration in adolescent and young adult women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2019;32(3):312‑5.
9. Brun JL, Plu-Bureau G, Huchon C, et al. Management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice guidelines of the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2022;50(5):345‑73.
10. Borzutzky C, Jaffray J. Diagnosis and management of heavy menstrual bleeding and bleeding disorders in adolescents. JAMA Pediatr 2020;174(2):186‑94.
11. Haute Autorité de santé. Saignements utérins abondants (SUA) chez la jeune femme atteinte de maladies hémorragiques rares constitutionnelles ou acquises (MHCA). https://urls.fr/3lKg74
12. Sachedina A, Todd N. Dysmenorrhea, endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020;12(Suppl 1):7‑17.
13. Infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) : préservatif et dépistage, seuls remparts contre leur recrudescence. https://urls.fr/eFQo8D
14. Steiner RJ, Liddon N, Swartzendruber AL, et al. Long-acting reversible contraception and condom use among female US High School Students: Implications for sexually transmitted infection prevention. JAMA Pediatr 2016;170(5):428‑34.
15. Chabbert-Buffet N, Marret H, Agostini A, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for contraception by the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2019;48(7):441‑54.
16. Mahony H, Spinner C, Vamos CA, et al. Social network influences on young women’s choice to use long-acting reversible contraception: A systematic review. J Midwifery Womens Health 2021;66(6):758‑71.
17. Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA, et al. Combination contraceptives: Effects on weight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;(9):CD003987.
18. Bachrach LK. Hormonal contraception and bone health in adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:603.
19. Ames JL, Anderson MC, Cronbach E, et al. Reproductive healthcare in adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024;230(5):546.e1-546.e14.
20. Wang H, Bos JHJ, de Jong-van den Berg LTW. Co-prescription of antiepileptic drugs and contraceptives. Contraception 2012;85(1):28‑31.
21. Rauchenzauner M, Deichmann S, Pittschieler S, et al. Bidirectional interaction between oral contraception and lamotrigine in women with epilepsy - Role of progestins. Seizure 2020;74:89‑92.
2. Deffieux X, Rousset-Jablonski C, Gantois A, et al. Pelvic exam in gynecology and obstetrics: Guidelines for clinical practice. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2023;51(6):297‑330.
3. Haute Autorité de santé. Contraception chez la femme adulte et l’adolescente en âge de procréer (hors post-partum et post-IVG). https://urls.fr/mbRr7l
4. Gallo MF, Nanda K, Grimes DA, et al. 20 µg versus >20 µg estrogen combined oral contraceptives for contraception. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;2013(8):CD003989.
5. Committee on Adolescence. Contraception for adolescents. Pediatrics 2014;134(4):e1244-56.
6. Pienkowski C, Cartault A. Contraception for adolescent: CNGOF contraception guidelines. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2018;46(12):858-64.
7. Marmett B, Guaranha DDFK, Carvalho AF de, et al. Cost savings and effectiveness of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) on the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents: A systematic review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2024;37(1):11‑7.
8. O’Flynn O’Brien KL, Akers AY, Perriera LK, et al. Intrauterine device insertion procedure duration in adolescent and young adult women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2019;32(3):312‑5.
9. Brun JL, Plu-Bureau G, Huchon C, et al. Management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice guidelines of the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2022;50(5):345‑73.
10. Borzutzky C, Jaffray J. Diagnosis and management of heavy menstrual bleeding and bleeding disorders in adolescents. JAMA Pediatr 2020;174(2):186‑94.
11. Haute Autorité de santé. Saignements utérins abondants (SUA) chez la jeune femme atteinte de maladies hémorragiques rares constitutionnelles ou acquises (MHCA). https://urls.fr/3lKg74
12. Sachedina A, Todd N. Dysmenorrhea, endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020;12(Suppl 1):7‑17.
13. Infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) : préservatif et dépistage, seuls remparts contre leur recrudescence. https://urls.fr/eFQo8D
14. Steiner RJ, Liddon N, Swartzendruber AL, et al. Long-acting reversible contraception and condom use among female US High School Students: Implications for sexually transmitted infection prevention. JAMA Pediatr 2016;170(5):428‑34.
15. Chabbert-Buffet N, Marret H, Agostini A, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for contraception by the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2019;48(7):441‑54.
16. Mahony H, Spinner C, Vamos CA, et al. Social network influences on young women’s choice to use long-acting reversible contraception: A systematic review. J Midwifery Womens Health 2021;66(6):758‑71.
17. Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA, et al. Combination contraceptives: Effects on weight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;(9):CD003987.
18. Bachrach LK. Hormonal contraception and bone health in adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:603.
19. Ames JL, Anderson MC, Cronbach E, et al. Reproductive healthcare in adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024;230(5):546.e1-546.e14.
20. Wang H, Bos JHJ, de Jong-van den Berg LTW. Co-prescription of antiepileptic drugs and contraceptives. Contraception 2012;85(1):28‑31.
21. Rauchenzauner M, Deichmann S, Pittschieler S, et al. Bidirectional interaction between oral contraception and lamotrigine in women with epilepsy - Role of progestins. Seizure 2020;74:89‑92.